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Thursday, October 30, 2008

Essay on Population & Wealth of Nations

"Essay on Population" by Thomas Malthus
  • food necessary
  • man & woman need relationships
  • ratio stay same (people to population)
  • can't overgrow
  • nature will correct itself
  • pop. increases geometrically & mathematically
  • human pop. increases most
  • doubles every 25 years
  • no check in pop. = overgrowth
  • death rate increases
  • impossible not to reproduce
  • european pop. = more kids
  • native american pop. = miscarraiges (women = slaves)
  • more food = pop. increases
  • barbarian pop. fight w/ each other = balanced pop.
  • england poor laws
  • children dieing
  • money 4 poor not helping
  • always be poor
  • pop. increase = less food 4 poor
  • good intentions
  • blame leaders
  • healthy countries increase pop.
  • Mexico, Spain, etc. high pop. w/ taxes & tyranny
  • more room = more support
  • natural disasters frequently affect pop.
  • North American colonies rapid pop. growth
  • Dutch / French colonies worst gov.
  • pop. increase faster than food = famine
  • harsh seasons = poor quality or no food
  • plague = great increase in pop. = greater increase in pop. - surplus food
  • famine & sickness = checks

"Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith

  • working = money to spend
  • surplus produce = purchase needed stuff
  • judgement and skill of labor
  • number of people working
  • kids disposed of
  • those who can't work get free stuff
  • labor bad = low production
  • small groups = small production
  • more supplies needed = more people = more separate groups
  • less educated = working more
  • don't need to know trade
  • more goods made
  • more wealth
  • better products
  • private land = landlord gets products pf labor
  • every worker needs a master
  • sometimes workman is own master
  • rent = cost of use of land
  • better land = higher rent
  • easy profit for landlord
  • demands rent even when land's not improved
  • improved land = higher rent
  • renting = monopoly game
  • people took up land but didn't divide it up
  • when land thought of as entertainment, it should be split between everyone in family
  • when land thought of as more than entertainment, it should ALL be given to ONE person
  • landlords like kings & every other form of government
  • land given to landlord's children, like a monarchy
  • prefer to give land to male kids
  • if qualities equal, then oldest child receives land (because oldest usually is most educated) through lineal succession
  • written laws out of date but still in use
  • right of primogeniture states that 1st owner of patch of land will always own that land unless sold or taken by gov.
  • purpose of law of primogeniture is to secure lineal succession of owners of patch of land according to owner's choices
  • if land stays in family, gov. gets more money from property taxes
  • after fall of roman empire people came from all over
  • increase in taxes
  • tax for protection (annual poll tax)
  • pay fee to king to work on farms (pay commission)

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